12^th World Kidney Congress

Hematology

Hematology is the branch of medicine that deals with the study of blood, blood-forming organs, and blood-related diseases. It involves the examination of red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, hemoglobin, bone marrow, and coagulation mechanisms. Common hematological tests include complete blood count (CBC), peripheral blood smear, and bone marrow biopsy. Hematologic disorders include various types of anemia, bleeding disorders, and malignancies like leukemia and lymphoma. Accurate diagnosis often relies on genetic studies and specialized tests like flow cytometry and cytogenetics. Treatments range from nutritional therapy and transfusions to chemotherapy and stem cell transplantation.